ARTHRITIS
Arthritis in the foot and ankle is common.

Ankle arthritis is frequently a cause of ankle pain.  The arthritis may occur as a result of inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or may occurs as a result of previous trauma.

Treatment is initially focussed on simple measures such as using painkillers, anti-inflammatory medication and modification of activities.
 
If symptoms persist then surgery may be required.  Surgery may involve arthroscopy (looking into the joint with a camera and using small instruments - keyhole surgery) or may require an operation to fuse a very deformed or damaged joint.

Occasionally a joint replacement may be indicated in certain circumstances.

Following surgery for arthritis a period of immobilisation and the use of crutches or a wheelchair is often required.